During World War II, Colonel Joseph L. Ryan, a downed American pilot, is captured by the Italians and placed in a prisoner-of-war camp. Despite being the highest-ranking officer, his cautious nature earns him the nickname "Von Ryan" from the British prisoners he finds already there. When Italy surrenders to the Allies, the Italian guards abandon the camp, giving Ryan his first opportunity to lead an escape. He orchestrates the breakout, but their journey to freedom is fraught with peril as they are recaptured by German forces. Thinking quickly, Ryan and Major Eric Fincham commandeer the train meant to transport the prisoners to a more secure location in Germany.

Determined to reach safety, Ryan and Fincham lead the prisoners on a treacherous journey through the Italian countryside. They face numerous challenges, from enemy attacks to dealing with traitors within their own group. As they approach their goal, Ryan must grapple with the distrust of his fellow prisoners and the ongoing tension between him and Fincham, who frequently clashes with his leadership style. The journey tests their endurance and unity as they strive for freedom, culminating in a final effort to evade their relentless pursuers as they head for the Swiss border.